Pengertian Integration Information Gathering Technique and Decision Making Technique

Jelaskan Integration Information Gathering Technique and Decision Making Technique

 Jelaskan  Integration Information Gathering Technique!
One tool for identifying techniques is to use information gathering techniques.  The purpose of this post is to outline four of these techniques. 

   a.  Brainstorming uses a facilitator who interviews a set of experts who are usually not members of the project team.  It can be either free-form or more structured, depending on the culture of the organization.
   b.  Delphi technique performs the same brainstorming function, but by sending questionnaires to the experts rather than interviewing them en masse in person.  This is used to prevent one expert’s opinions from swaying the others, which could conceivably happen in the first technique.
  c. Interviewing is where the facilitator interviews those project team members and concerned stakeholders, as opposed to the brainstorming and Delphi techniques which are usually used to gather opinions from experts who are not directly involved in the project.
   d.  Root-cause analysis, similar to that used in solving quality-related problems, can be used to categorize risks according to their source, to list risks in each category, and then to propose preventive actions to prevent these risks, or to develop countermeasures or risk responses if they happen to occur.  It can be used as part of brainstorming, the first technique listed, to identify risks.

Jelaskan Integration Decision Making Technique!
Decision-making is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a     of action among several alternative possibilities. Every decision-making process produces a final choice that may or may not prompt action. Decision-making is the process of identifying and choosing alternatives based on the values and preferences of the decision-maker.

Jelaskan Cost : Formula for Variance Analysis and Forecasting
Variance Analysis, in managerial accounting, refers to the investigation of deviations in   financial performance from the standards defined in organizational budgets.
Forecasting is the process of making predictions of the future based on past and present data and analysis of trends. A commonplace example might be estimation of some variable of interest at some specified future date.



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